Physical Properties
- Appearance: Colorless liquid with a mild, sweet odor.
- Melting Point: 9°C.
- Boiling Point: 131-132°C.
- Density: 2.18 g/mL at 25°C.
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (4 g/L at 20°C); miscible with ethanol, ether, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and gasoline.
- Vapor Pressure: 11.7 mm Hg at 25°C.
- Refractive Index: n₂₀/D 1.539.
Chemical Properties
- Stability: Stable but sensitive to light. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, and magnesium.
- Decomposition: Decomposes slowly in light, releasing toxic fumes.
Uses
- Industrial Applications: Used as an ethylation reagent, solvent, and in the synthesis of plant growth regulators.
- Agriculture: Used as a nematicide and fumigant.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
- Gasoline Additive: Historically used in leaded gasoline to reduce lead deposits.
Safety Information
- Toxicity: Highly toxic; inhalation and ingestion can cause severe health effects, including liver damage and respiratory distress.
- Health Hazards: Causes severe irritation to eyes and skin. Inhalation may lead to chronic health issues.
- Exposure Limits: NIOSH REL: TWA 0.045 ppm, 15-min Ceiling 0.13 ppm, IDLH 100 ppm.
- First Aid:
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air and seek medical attention.
- Skin Contact: Rinse with water and seek medical attention.
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention.
Environmental Information
- Toxicity: Very toxic to aquatic life.
- Carcinogenicity: Suspected human carcinogen.
Storage and Handling
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from strong oxidizers and light.
- Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) to avoid contact with skin and eyes.
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