Physical Properties
- Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a pleasant, chloroform-like odor.
- Melting Point: -35.3°C.
- Boiling Point: 83.5°C.
- Density: 1.253 g/cm³.
- Vapor Density: 3.4.
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (8.6 mg/L at 25°C), soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, chloroform, and ether.
Chemical Properties
- Reactivity: Highly flammable; forms explosive mixtures with air (LEL: 6.2%, UEL: 16.0%).
- Decomposition: Decomposes slowly in air, moisture, and light, releasing hydrochloric acid.
- Toxicity: Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption; strong irritant to eyes and skin.
Uses
- Industrial Applications: Mainly used to produce vinyl chloride, which is a precursor to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Also used as a solvent, degreaser, and fumigant.
- Other Uses: Used in the production of ethylene glycol, rubber, and various plastics.
Safety Information
- Health Hazards: Inhalation can cause respiratory distress, nausea, vomiting, and central nervous system depression. Ingestion can be fatal.
- First Aid:
- Eyes: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
- Skin: Wash with soap and water and seek medical attention.
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air and seek medical attention.
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from strong oxidizers and reducing agents.
Environmental Information
- Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic life; LC50 for fish (Pimephales promelas) is 136 mg/L.
- Biodegradability: Inherently biodegradable.
Transport Information
- UN Number: 1184.
- Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid), 6.1 (Poisonous material).
Carcinogenicity
1,2-Dichloroethane is classified as a probable human carcinogen based on animal studies.
Handling and Storage
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat and sources of ignition.
- Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) to avoid contact with skin and eyes.
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