75-86-5

  • Chemical Name: Acetone Cyanohydrin
  • English Name: Acetone Cyanohydrin
  • Synonyms: 2-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile; 2-Methyl-2-hydroxypropionitrile
  • Molecular Formula: C₄H₇NO
  • Molecular Weight: 85.1 g/mol
  • CAS Number: 75-86-5
  • EINECS Number: 200-909-4

Physical Properties

  • Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid.
  • Density: 0.932 g/cm³ at 25°C.
  • Melting Point: -19°C.
  • Boiling Point: 95°C (decomposes at 120°C).
  • Flash Point: 63°C.
  • Refractive Index: 1.3992 at 20°C.
  • Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, ether, and other organic solvents; insoluble in petroleum ether and carbon disulfide.

Chemical Properties

  • Reactivity: Contains active hydroxyl and nitrile groups, making it highly reactive. It can undergo hydrolysis, dehydration, esterification, and other reactions.
  • Decomposition: Decomposes to release hydrogen cyanide and acetone when heated.
  • Toxicity: Highly toxic; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact can cause poisoning.

Uses

  • Main Applications:
    • Intermediate for the production of methyl methacrylate (used in manufacturing acrylic glass).
    • Raw material for azobisisobutyronitrile (a radical initiator).
    • Used in the synthesis of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other fine chemicals.
  • Other Uses:
    • Metal separation and refining agent.
    • Intermediate for the synthesis of other organic compounds.

Safety and Hazards

  • Health Risks: Highly toxic; acute toxicity (LD₅₀) in mice is 15 mg/kg (oral). Inhalation and skin contact can cause severe poisoning.
  • Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from heat and moisture. Handle with protective equipment.
  • Transportation: UN Number 1541; classified as a highly toxic substance.

Packing and shipping