Physical Properties
- Appearance: Colorless, highly volatile liquid with a characteristic, aromatic odor.
- Density: 0.714 g/cm³.
- Boiling Point: 34.6°C.
- Melting Point: -116°C.
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (69 g/L at 20°C); miscible with ethanol, benzene, and other organic solvents.
- Refractive Index: n₂₀/D 1.353.
- Flash Point: -40°C.
Chemical Properties
- Stability: Stable but light-sensitive and air-sensitive; may form explosive peroxides upon prolonged exposure to air.
- Reactivity: Highly flammable; forms explosive mixtures with air.
- Uses: Widely used as a solvent, anesthetic, and chemical reagent.
Safety Information
- Hazard Codes: F+ (Highly flammable), Xn (Harmful).
- Risk Phrases: R12 (Flammable), R19 (Forms explosive mixtures with air), R22 (Harmful if swallowed), R66 (Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking), R67 (Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness).
- Safety Phrases: S16 (Keep away from sources of ignition), S29 ( Do not empty into drains), S33 ( Take precautionary measures against static discharges).
Applications
- Solvent: Used in organic synthesis, extraction of organic compounds, and as a solvent for resins, waxes, and fats.
- Anesthetic: Historically used as a general anesthetic in medical procedures.
- Chemical Reagent: Used in laboratories for various chemical reactions.
Handling and Storage
- Store in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and oxidizing agents.
- Use explosion-proof equipment and avoid contact with air to prevent the formation of peroxides.