Physical Properties
- Appearance: White crystalline solid.
- Density: 5.44 g/cm³.
- Melting Point: 276°C.
- Boiling Point: 302°C.
- Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, ether, and acetone; insoluble in carbon disulfide.
Chemical Properties
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions.
- Reactivity: Highly toxic and corrosive. Reacts with reducing agents and organic materials.
- Formation: Can be prepared by reacting mercury with chlorine gas or by adding hydrochloric acid to a hot solution of mercury(I) compounds.
Uses
- Laboratory Reagent: Used in chemical analysis.
- Catalyst: Used in organic synthesis and as a catalyst for certain reactions.
- Corrosion Inhibitor: Used in the preservation of wood and as a corrosion inhibitor.
- Medicinal Uses: Historically used as a disinfectant and antiseptic.
Safety Information
- Toxicity: Highly toxic; acute oral LD₅₀ in rats: 1 mg/kg.
- Health Hazards: Causes severe irritation to skin and eyes; inhalation may lead to respiratory distress.
- First Aid:
- Skin Contact: Rinse with plenty of water.
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes.
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air and seek medical attention.
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from reducing agents and organic materials.
Environmental Information
- Ecotoxicity: Very toxic to aquatic life.
- Hazardous Decomposition Products: Mercury(II) oxide, hydrogen chloride.
Transport Information
- UN Number: UN1624.
- Hazard Class: 6.1 (Poisonous material).
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