Physical Properties
- Appearance: White crystalline powder or colorless crystals.
- Odor: Odorless.
- Density: 2.32 g/cm³.
- Melting Point: 356°C.
- Boiling Point: 400°C.
- Solubility in Water: 73 g/L at 20°C.
Chemical Properties
- Oxidizing Agent: Strong oxidizer; decomposes to release oxygen at high temperatures (above 400°C).
- Reactivity: Forms explosive mixtures with organic materials, sulfur, phosphorus, and metal powders.
- Thermal Decomposition:
- 2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂ (in the presence of a catalyst like MnO₂).
- Reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to form unstable chloric acid and chlorine gas.
Uses
- Fireworks and Pyrotechnics: Used as an oxidizer in fireworks and matches.
- Rocketry: Used in rocket propellants.
- Laboratory: Used as an oxidizing agent and in the preparation of oxygen.
- Medical: Used as a disinfectant and in the manufacture of certain pharmaceuticals.
- Agriculture: Used as a herbicide.
Safety Information
- Health Hazards: Toxic; ingestion can cause severe poisoning.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from organic materials and reducing agents.
- First Aid:
- Skin Contact: Rinse with water.
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes.
- Ingestion: Drink water and seek medical attention.
- Transportation: Classified as a 5.1 oxidizer; UN Number 1485.
Environmental Information
- Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life.
Regulatory Information
- Hazard Codes: Xn (Harmful), O (Oxidizer), N (Dangerous for the environment).
- Risk Phrases: R9 (Explosive when mixed with combustible material), R20/22 (Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed), R51/53 (Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects).
- Safety Phrases: S13 (Keep away from food, drink, and animal feeding stuffs), S16 (Keep away from sources of ignition), S27 (Take off contaminated clothing), S61 (Avoid release to the environment).