Physical Properties
- Appearance: Dark red liquid with a pungent, irritating odor.
- Density: 1.355 g/mL at 25°C.
- Melting Point: -78°C.
- Boiling Point: 60°C (decomposes).
- Vapor Pressure: 22.66 kPa at 20°C.
- Refractive Index: 1.570.
- Solubility: Soluble in hexane, carbon tetrachloride, and benzene.
- Stability: Stable at room temperature but decomposes when heated above 40°C.
Chemical Properties
- Reactivity:
- Decomposes in the presence of water to release sulfur and hydrochloric acid.
- Reacts with excess sulfur trioxide to form thionyl chloride.
- Can be reduced by metals to form chlorides and sulfides.
- Decomposition: Releases toxic gases (e.g., hydrogen chloride, sulfur oxides) when heated or in contact with water.
Uses
- Organic Synthesis: Used as a chlorinating agent and in the synthesis of sulfur compounds.
- Rubber Industry: Used as a vulcanizing agent and adhesive.
- Pesticides and Dyes: Used in the production of various pesticides and dyes.
- Metallurgy: Used as an extractant for precious metals.
Safety and Hazards
- Toxicity: Highly toxic; inhalation or contact with skin and eyes can cause severe irritation and burns.
- Corrosivity: Strongly corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from water, oxidizers, and strong bases.
- Emergency Handling: In case of a spill, use dry sand or dry chemical extinguishers; avoid using water.
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